Apa yang Akan Menjadi Makhluk Terakhir yang Hidup di Bumi? (2024)

Kompas.com - 03/06/2024, 06:38 WIB

Fadila Rosyada Hariri,
Resa Eka Ayu Sartika

Tim Redaksi

Fadila Rosyada Hariri Penulis Resa Eka Ayu Sartika Editor

Apa yang Akan Menjadi Makhluk Terakhir yang Hidup di Bumi? (1)

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Tardigrades(Shutterstock/3Dstock)

KOMPAS.com -Seiring perubahan dramatis dalam ekologi global dan peristiwa kepunahan massal yang semakin sering terjadi, muncul pertanyaan yang menggugah pikiran: siapakah yang akan menjadi makhluk terakhir yang bertahan hidup di Bumi?

Dalam pencarian jawaban untuk pertanyaan ini, para ilmuwan, ahli biologi, dan pemikir lingkungan mengeksplorasi kemungkinan masa depan kehidupan di planet kita.

Baca juga: Jika Manusia Punah, Seperti Apa Kehidupan di Bumi Setahun Setelahnya?

Suatu hari, bagaimanapun, mungkin saja planet Bumi hanya akan dihuni oleh satu hewan, dikutip dari IFL Science.

Bukanlah kecoa, juga bukan kalajengking, dan pastinya bukan hom*o sapiens – hewan terakhir yang bertahan kemungkinan besar adalah makhluk yang rendah hati: tardigrade.

Dikenal sebagai hewan terkeras di Bumi, tardigrade dapat bertahan hidup hingga 30 tahun tanpa makanan atau air.

Sebuah studi baru oleh Universitas Oxford menemukan bahwa makhluk mikro tangguh ini akan ada setidaknya selama 10 miliar tahun dan dapat bertahan hidup melalui benturan asteroid atau ledakan bintang yang meledak dekat Bumi.

Penelitian ini dirancang untuk menentukan kondisi ekstrem di mana kehidupan bisa mati di Bumi - dan hal ini bisa memiliki implikasi untuk menemukan kehidupan di tempat lain dalam tata surya.

Hewan delapan kaki ini, yang tumbuh hingga sekitar setengah sentimeter, juga dapat bertahan terhadap suhu ekstrem hingga 150 derajat Celcius.

Mereka juga tahan terhadap tingkat radiasi 5000 hingga 6200 Gy, yang sekitar dosis yang digunakan dalam beberapa bentuk kemoterapi.

Para peneliti dari Universitas Oxford telah mempelajari risiko kepunahan hewan ini untuk berbagai bencana astrophysical.

Baca juga: Simulasi Superkomputer Ramalkan Kapan Manusia Akan Punah

Dr Rafael Alves Batista, seorang peneliti di departemen fisika Universitas Oxford, mengatakan: "Tujuannya adalah untuk mempelajari apa yang diperlukan untuk membunuh semua kehidupan, bukan hanya manusia."

"Untuk mencapai itu, kami memilih bentuk kehidupan paling tangguh yang kami kenal: tardigrade."

"Pertanyaan yang ingin kami jawab adalah: apa yang dibutuhkan untuk membunuh semua kehidupan di sebuah planet? Untuk mencapai itu, kami membutuhkan sesuatu yang dapat membunuh tardigrade."

Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa makhluk-makhluk kecil ini dapat bertahan dari benturan asteroid, supernova, atau semburan sinar gamma, jenis ledakan energi ekstrim.

Meskipun semua peristiwa ini akan mematikan bagi manusia, para peneliti menemukan bahwa tidak ada yang bisa menyingkirkan tardigrade.

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Tag

  • kepunahan
  • makhluk hidup
  • makhluk hidup terakhir di bumi
  • apa yang akan menjadi makhluk terakhir yang hidup di bumi?
Lihat Sains Selengkapnya
Lihat Parapuan Selengkapnya
  • Mengapa Manusia dan Makhluk Hidup Lain Bisa Menjadi Tua?
  • Di Mana Tempat Paling Kaya Makhluk Hidup di Bumi?
  • Apa yang Bisa Dilakukan jika Harimau Jawa Belum Punah?
  • Simulasi Superkomputer Ramalkan Kapan Manusia Akan Punah
  • Manusia adalah Makhluk Hidup Paling Cerdas, Benarkah?

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let recResults = null; promJXSDK .then(function() { /*** * JXRECSDK NOTES 1 of 5 - INSTANTIATION OF A JX REC HELPER OBJECT * Call this AFTER JX REC SDK is loaded but BEFORE you call your REC * backend. * * param: MANDATORY options object * options object must at a minimal have * accountid: get from jixie * widgetid: get from jixie * container: DIV ID of the destination div to house the widget * (for jixie widget this is just the options object passed from the page) * * (This will also register the action=load event) */ recHelperObj = jxRecMgr.createJxRecHelper(thisObj._options); let basicInfo = thisObj._options; basicInfo.engine = thisObj._engine if (basicInfo.engine.type == 'api-1') { var options = { count: basicInfo['count'], adpositions: "", keywords: basicInfo['keywords'], title: basicInfo['title'], date_published: "2024-06-03", pagecategory: "SAINS", algo: "mixed" }; if(getCookie('kmps_usrid')){ var kg = { pagetype:basicInfo.engine.page_status, uid:getCookie('kmps_usrid'), ukid:getCookie('kmp_uid') } if(basicInfo.engine.page_status=='read'){ kg['excludeitemids'] = basicInfo.engine.excludeitemids; 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if (tracker) { tracker.send("event", category, action, label); console.log('track event ', category, action, label) } }) } } function formBody(obj) { let formBody = []; for (var property in obj) { let encodedKey = encodeURIComponent(property); let encodedValue = encodeURIComponent(obj[property]); formBody.push(encodedKey + "=" + encodedValue); } return formBody.join("&"); } function getCookie(name) { var name = name + '='; var cookies = decodeURIComponent(document.cookie).split(';'); for (var i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) { var c = cookies[i]; while (c.charAt(0) == ' ') { c = c.substring(1); } if (c.indexOf(name) == 0) { return c.substring(name.length, c.length); } } } function get_guid(url) { const videoPath = url.match(/\/watch\/(\d+)/); if (videoPath) { return `video.${videoPath[1]}`; } let arrayUrl = url.split('/'); let readPath = arrayUrl.indexOf('read'); if (arrayUrl[readPath + 1] == 'xml') { readPath += 1; } let year = arrayUrl[readPath + 1]; let month = arrayUrl[readPath + 2]; let date = arrayUrl[readPath + 3]; let id = arrayUrl[readPath + 4]; let guid = `.xml.${year}.${month}.${date}.${id}`; return guid; } function toggleDropdown() { let tdd = document.querySelectorAll('[data-dropdown]') if (!!tdd) { tdd.forEach((el) => { el.addEventListener('click', function() { el.parentElement.classList.toggle('-active') let saved = el.parentElement.getAttribute('data-saved') let kmps_usrid = getCookie('kmps_usrid'); if (kmps_usrid && !saved && el.parentElement.classList.contains('-active')) { let url = el.parentElement.getAttribute('data-url'); let guid = get_guid(url); check_bookmark( kmps_usrid, guid ).then(function(resp) { if (resp.hasOwnProperty('total_data')) { if (resp.total_data > 0) { el.parentElement.querySelector('.buttonBookmark').classList.add('-active'); el.parentElement.querySelector('.buttonBookmark').innerHTML = 'Hapus dari tersimpan'; el.parentElement.setAttribute('data-saved', 'true'); } else { el.parentElement.setAttribute('data-saved', 'false'); } } }) } }) document.addEventListener("click", function(e) { // console.log(e.target) if (el.contains(e.target)) { // console.log(tdd) } else { el.parentElement.classList.remove('-active') } }); 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'video' : 'article'; if (kmps_usrid) { if (btnBookmark.classList.contains('-active')) { set_unbookmark({ guid: guid, kmps_usrid: kmps_usrid, type: type }).then(function(resp) { btnBookmark.classList.remove('-active'); btnBookmark.innerHTML = 'Simpan artikel'; reactionToast('Artikel berhasil dihapus dari list yang disimpan'); userFeedback.event('un-save'); }).catch(function(resp) { // message: "Data doesn't exists" if (resp.hasOwnProperty('message') && resp.message.includes('exist')) { btnBookmark.classList.remove('-active'); btnBookmark.innerHTML = 'Simpan artikel'; reactionToast('Artikel berhasil dihapus dari list yang disimpan'); } }) } else { const user_bookmark_url = "https://activity.kompas.com/saved?order=desc"; set_bookmark({ guid: guid, kmps_usrid: kmps_usrid, type: type, publisher: 'kompas', platform: 'desktop' }).then(function(resp) { btnBookmark.classList.add('-active'); btnBookmark.innerHTML = 'Hapus dari tersimpan'; reactionToast('Artikel berhasil disimpan', user_bookmark_url); userFeedback.event('save'); }).catch(function(resp) { // message: "Data already exist" if (resp.hasOwnProperty('message') && resp.message.includes('exist')) { btnBookmark.classList.add('-active'); btnBookmark.innerHTML = 'Hapus dari tersimpan'; reactionToast('Artikel berhasil disimpan', user_bookmark_url); } }) } } else { const login_url = "https://account.kompas.com/login/a29tcGFz/" + btoa(window.location.href); window.location.href = login_url; } } function set_bookmark(data) { const url = "https://api.kompas.com/2021/reaction/bookmark/add"; return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { const xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function() { if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 201) { resolve(JSON.parse(this.responseText)); } else if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 400) { reject(JSON.parse(this.responseText)); } }; xmlhttp.open("POST", url, true); xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8"); xmlhttp.send(formBody(data)); }); } function set_unbookmark(data) { const url = "https://api.kompas.com/2021/reaction/bookmark/delete"; return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { const xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function() { if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) { resolve(JSON.parse(this.responseText)); } else if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 400) { reject(JSON.parse(this.responseText)); } }; xmlhttp.open("POST", url, true); xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8"); xmlhttp.send(formBody(data)); }); } class UserFeedback { constructor(engine, pageurl, jxRecHelper, pos) { this.engine = engine; this.pageurl = pageurl; this.jxRecHelper = jxRecHelper; this.pos = pos; } event(feedback) { if (this.engine == 'C') { const xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); let params = { domain: 'kompas.com', ce_userid: getCookie('kmps_usrid'), ce_sessionid: getCookie('ukid'), ce_pageurl: this.pageurl, engine: 'C', ce_feedback: feedback } xmlhttp.open("GET", 'https://apis.kgdata.dev/v1/aiml/feedback-widgetml' + formatParams(params)); xmlhttp.send(); } else if (this.engine == 'V') { if (feedback == 'share') { this.jxRecHelper.shared(this.pos); } else if (feedback == 'save') { this.jxRecHelper.bookmarked(this.pos); } else if (feedback == 'not-interested') { this.jxRecHelper.hidden(this.pos); } else if (feedback == 'un-not-interested') { this.jxRecHelper.unhidden(this.pos); } } } } function formatParams(params) { return "?" + Object .keys(params) .map(function(key) { return key + "=" + encodeURIComponent(params[key]) }) .join("&") } document.addEventListener("click", function(e){ let dx = document.querySelectorAll('[data-dropdown]') if(dx) { dx.forEach(function(el){ if(el.contains(e.target)) { el.parentElement.classList.toggle('-active') } else { el.parentElement.classList.remove('-active') } }) } })

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Apa yang Akan Menjadi Makhluk Terakhir yang Hidup di Bumi? (2024)

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